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C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization

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robaa
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2022-11-26
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Write a C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization. Here’s a Simple C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization in C++ Programming Language.

What are Templates in C++ ?

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robaa
2022-11-26
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Templates are the foundation of generic programming, which involves writing code in a way that is independent of any particular type.

 
 

A template is a blueprint or formula for creating a generic class or a function. The library containers like iterators and algorithms are examples of generic programming and have been developed using template concept.

There is a single definition of each container, such as vector, but we can define many different kinds of vectors for example, vector <int> or vector <string>..

Function Template :

The general form of a template function definition is shown here:

 

template <class type> ret-type func-name(parameter list)

{
// body of function
}

Class Template :

Just as we can define function templates, we can also define class templates. The general form of a generic class declaration is shown here:

template <class type> class class-name

{
.
.
.
}

Below is the source code for C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System to produce desired output as shown below :

SOURCE CODE : :

/* C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization  */

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// class template:
template <class T>
class mycontainer {
    T element;
  public:
    mycontainer (T arg) {element=arg;}
    T increase () {return ++element;}
};

// class template specialization:
template <>
class mycontainer <char> {
    char element;
  public:
    mycontainer (char arg) {element=arg;}
    char uppercase ()
    {
      if ((element>='a')&&(element<='z'))
      element+='A'-'a';
      return element;
    }
};

int main () {
  mycontainer<int> myint (12);
  mycontainer<char> mychar ('c');
  cout << myint.increase() << endl;
  cout << mychar.uppercase() << endl;
  return 0;
}

OUTPUT : :

/* C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization */

13
C
 
Exit code: 0 (normal program termination)

Above is the source code and output for C++ Program to demonstrate an Example of Template specialization which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System to produce desired output.

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