Q:

Swapping of Two Numbers in C++ Using Functions | Call by Reference & Call by Value

ghaidaib
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2022-05-14
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Write a Program to Swap of Two Numbers in C++

1. Call by Value

 
In Call by Value Actual parameter are passed while calling the function, The operations effect on the formal parameters doesn't reflect on the Actual Parameters.
 
Example: Int A = 5 is an actual parameter and Int X = 5(Here we have Copied the Int A = 5 value to the X = 5), so whatever we do with the X, it does not reflect the Actual Value Int A = 5. It will always remain the same.  If we increase the value of the X by 1 then the value of the X will be 6 and the value of the A remains the same 5 as previous.
 

2. Call by Reference

 
In Call by Reference we passed the address of the actual parameter in a formal parameter, So the changes on the Formal Parameters reflect on the Actual parameters. If we take the above example for this then if we increase the value of the X will reflect on the A thus the value of the X and A will be same(X = A = 6)
 
Before going to understand the Call by value and Call by Reference let's first understood the Actual and Formal Parameters terminology to fully understand the code.
 
Actual parameters: 
The Actual parameters that appear in function calls.
Formal parameters: The Formal parameters that appear in function declarations.
 
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ghaidaib
2022-05-14
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Program Output of  Swapping of Two Numbers Using Call by Value

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void swap(int ,int );
/*Swapping of Two Numbers in C++ Using Functions Call by Value*/
int main()
{
    int a,b;
    cout<<"Enter the Two Numbers to Swap in C++: ";
    cin>>a>>b;
    cout<<"\nAfter Swapping of Two Numbers:";
    swap(a,b);
    
    return 0;
}
void swap(int x,int y)
{
 int z;
/*Extra veriable for storing the value of first or second variable*/ 
 
 z=x;
/*Copying the first variable value to the tempriory variable*/
 x=y;
/*Copying the second variable value to the first variable*/
 y=z;
/*Copying the tempriory variable value to the second variable*/ 
 cout<<" "<<x<<"   "<<y;
 
}

 

Output:

Enter the Two Numbers to Swap in C++: 512  256

After Swapping of Two Numbers: 256   512

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ghaidaib
2022-05-14
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Swapping of Two Numbers in C++ Using Call by Reference | Functions

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void swap(int *x ,int *y );
/*Swapping of Two Numbers in C++ Using Functions Call by Reference*/
int main()
{
    int a,b;
    cout<<"Enter Two Numbers To Swap: ";
    cin>>a>>b;
    
    swap(&a,&b);
    
    cout<<"\nAfter Swapping Two Numbers: ";
    cout<<a<<" "<<b<<" \n";
    
    return 0;
}
void swap(int *x,int *y)
{
 int z;
 z=*x;
/*Copying the first variable Address to the tempriory variable*/
 *x=*y;
/*Copying the second variable Address to the first variable*/
 *y=z;
/*Copying the tempriory variable Address to the second variable*/ 
}

 

Output:

Enter Two Numbers To Swap: 256 512

After Swapping Two Numbers: 512 256 

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