C Program to Swap rows and columns of matrix

What is Matrix ?

Matrix representation is a method used by a computer language to store matrices of more than one dimension in memory. C uses “Row Major”, which stores all the elements for a given row contiguously in memory.

Two-dimensional Arrays : :

The simplest form of multidimensional array is the two-dimensional array. A two-dimensional array is, in essence, a list of one-dimensional arrays. An m × n (read as m by n) order matrix is a set of numbers arranged in m rows and n columns.

To declare a two-dimensional integer array of size [x][y], you would write something as follows −

type arrayName [ x ][ y ];

Where type can be any valid C data type and arrayName will be a valid C identifier.

Below is the source code for C Program to Swap rows and columns of matrix which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System to produce desired output as shown below :

SOURCE CODE : :

/* C Program to Swap rows and columns of matrix */

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    static int array1[10][10], array2[10][10];
    int i, j, m, n, a, b, c, p, q, r;
 
        printf("Enter no. of rows :: ");
        scanf("%d", &m);
        printf("\nEnter no. of cols :: ");
        scanf("%d",&n);
        printf("\nEnter values to the matrix :: \n");
        for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
        {
            for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                 printf("\nEnter a[%d][%d] value :: ",i,j);
                 scanf("%d", &array1[i][j]);
                 array2[i][j] = array1[i][j];
        }
    }
    
    printf("\nThe given matrix is \n\n");
        for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
        {
        for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
        {
            printf("\t%d", array1[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n\n");
    }
    
    
    printf("\nEnter row number to be exchanged : ");
    scanf("%d", &a);
    printf("\nEnter other row number to be exchanged with : ");
    scanf("%d",&b);
    
    for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
    {
        /*  first row has index is 0 */
        c = array1[a - 1][i];
        array1[a - 1][i] = array1[b - 1][i];
        array1[b - 1][i] = c;
    }
    printf("\nEnter col number to be exchanged : ");
    scanf("%d", &p);
    printf("\nEnter other col number to be exchanged with : ");
    scanf("%d",&q);
    
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        /*  first column index is 0 */
        r = array2[i][p - 1];
        array2[i][p - 1] = array2[i][q - 1];
        array2[i][q - 1] = r;
     }
    printf("\nThe matix after interchanging the two rows ::  \n");
    for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
        {
        for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
        {
            printf("\t%d", array1[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n\n");
    }
    
    printf("\nThe matix after interchanging the two columns :: \n");
    
    for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
        {
        for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
        {
            printf("\t%d", array2[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n\n");
    }
    
    return 0;
}

Output : :

/* C Program to Swap rows and columns of matrix  */

Enter no. of rows :: 3                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter no. of cols :: 3                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter values to the matrix ::                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[0][0] value :: 1                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[0][1] value :: 2                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[0][2] value :: 3                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[1][0] value :: 4                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[1][1] value :: 5                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[1][2] value :: 6                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[2][0] value :: 7                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[2][1] value :: 8                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter a[2][2] value :: 9                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                
The given matrix is                                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                                                
        1       2       3                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        4       5       6                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        7       8       9  

Enter row number to be exchanged : 2                                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter other row number to be exchanged with : 3                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter col number to be exchanged : 1                                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                
Enter other col number to be exchanged with : 2                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                
The matix after interchanging the two rows ::                                                                                                                                   
        1       2       3                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        7       8       9                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        4       5       6                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                
The matix after interchanging the two columns ::                                                                                                                                
        2       1       3                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        5       4       6                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                
        8       7       9

Above is the source code for C Program to Swap rows and columns of matrix which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System.The Output of the program is shown above .