Who developed the normalization process:

DBMS -TRANSACTIONS MCQs

• With regards to transaction processing, any DBMS should be capable of:
• What is ACID properties of Transactions
• Database locking concept is used to solve the problem of
• A lock that allows concurrent transactions to access different rows of the same table is known as a
• A transaction completes its execution is said to be
• A system is in a ______ state if there exists a set of transactions such that every transaction in the set is waiting for another transaction in the set
• The deadlock state can be changed back to stable state by using _____________ statement
• What are the ways of dealing with deadlock
• When transaction Ti requests a data item currently held by Tj
• When transaction Ti requests a data item currently held by Tj
• The deadlock in a set of transaction can be determined by
• A deadlock exists in the system if and only if the wait-for graph contains a ___________
• Selecting the victim to be rollbacked to the previous state is determined by the minimum cost. The factors determining cost of rollback is
• __________ rollback requires the system to maintain additional information about the state of all the running transactions
• Which of these is data type long literal
• Which of the following occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by a command transaction since the prior read
• A transaction for which all committed changes are permanent is called
• In this instance, dirty reads are disallowed, while nonrepeatable reads and phantom reads are allowed
• Which of the following occurs when a transaction rereads data it has previously read and finds modification or deletions caused by a committed transaction
• A transaction may not always complete its execution successfully. Such a transaction is termed
• Transaction processing is associated with everything below except
• Transaction management ensures ____________ and __________ properties
• ____________ is an interface between low level database and application program
• Which of the following are functions of Database Manager
• Who detects the failure of the system and restore the database to consistent state
• A traditional data administrator performs which of the following roles
• Which of the following is the preferred way to recover a database after a transaction in progress terminates abnormally
• Which of the following is the preferred way to recover a database after a system failure
• Concurrency control is important for which of the following reasons
• A shared lock allows which of the following types of transactions to occur
• Locking may cause which of the following problems
• Performance analysis and tuning is which of the following
• Which of the following could cause data to be unavailable
• The transaction log includes which of the following
• Which of the following is part of an administrative policy to secure a database
• If both data and database administration exist in an organization, the database administrator is responsible for which of the following
• Which of the following is true concerning open-source DBMS
• A data warehouse administrator is concerned with which of the following
• Poor data administration can lead to which of the following
• Backward recovery is which of the following
• Which of the following contains a complete record of all activity that affected the contents of a database during a certain period of time
• In database management system, the executing process or executing program which considers the updating or reading of records stored in database is called
• The application of database management system in air flight seat booking in a way that one seat is accessed by only one clerk for customer reservation is classified as
• Collections of operations that form a single logical unit of work are called __________
• The “all-or-none” property is commonly referred to as _________
• Which of the following is a property of transactions
• Execution of translation in isolation preserves the _________ of a database
• Which of the following is not a property of a transaction
• Which of the following systems is responsible for ensuring durability
• Which of the following systems is responsible for ensuring isolation?
• State true or false: Information residing in the volatile storage does not usually survive system crashes
• A transaction that has not been completed successfully is called as _______
• Which of the following is not a transaction state
• The execution sequences in concurrency control are termed as ________
• The scheme that controls the interaction between executing transactions is called as _____
• I and J are _________ if they are operations by different transactions on the same data item, and at least one of them is a write operation
• lIf a schedule S can be transformed into a schedule S’ by a series of swaps of non-conflicting instructions, then S and S’ are
• A schedule is __________ if it is conflict equivalent to a serial schedule
• The set of ________ in a precedence graph consists of all the transactions participating in the schedule
• A ___________of the transactions can be obtained by finding a linear order consistent with the partial order of the precedence graph
• State true or false: If I = read(Q) and J = read(Q) then the order of I and J does not matter
• State true or false: If I = read(Q) and J = write(Q) then the order of I and J does not matter
• Which of the following is the most expensive method
• A transaction that performs only one operation is called as a _________
• The phenomenon in which one failure leads to a series of transaction rollbacks is called as ________
• State true or false: Every cascadeless schedule is also recoverable
• A ___________ is one where, for each pair of transactions Ti and Tj such that Tj reads a data item previously written by Ti , the commit operation of Ti appears before the commit operation of Tj
• State true or false: Transactions can only run serially
• Which of the following are the advantages of transaction concurrency
• The average time for a transaction to be completed after it has been submitted is called as __________
• If a schedule is equivalent to a serial schedule, it is called as a _________
• Which of the following is not a type of a schedule
• Which of the following is a transaction isolation level as specified by SQL standard
• State true or false: Serializable level may allow both serializable and non-serializable executions
• ________ allows only committed data to be read and further requires that no other transaction is allowed to update it between two reads of a data item by a transaction
• ________ allows only committed data to be read, but does not require repeatable reads
• ___________ allows uncommitted data to be read
• State true or false: All the isolation levels disallow dirty writes
• When is a timestamp allotted
• In ___________ isolation each transaction is given its own version of the database
• What is the disadvantage of locking
• Consider money is transferred from (1)account-A to account-B and (2) account-B to account-A. Which of the following form a transaction ?
• A transaction is delimited by statements (or function calls) of the form __________
• Identify the characteristics of transactions
• Which of the following has “all-or-none” property
• The database system must take special actions to ensure that transactions operate properly without interference from concurrently executing database statements. This property is referred to as
• The property of transaction that persists all the crashes is
• __________ states that only valid data will be written to the database
• The Oracle RDBMS uses the ____ statement to declare a new transaction start and its properties
• ____ means that the data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used by a second transaction until the first one is completed
• In SQL, which command is used to issue multiple CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW and GRANT statements in a single transaction?
• Which character function can be used to return a specified portion of a character string
• Which of the following is TRUE for the System Variable $date$
• What are the different events in Triggers?
• The SQL statement SELECT SUBSTR(‘123456789’, INSTR(‘abcabcabc’,’b’), 4) FROM EMP; prints
• Which of the following SQL command can be used to modify existing data in a database table?
• When SQL statements are embedded inside 3GL, we call such a program as
• _______________ provides option for entering SQL queries as execution time, rather than at the development stage
• Each modification done in database transaction are first recorded into the
• _______ means that data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used by a second transaction until the first one is completed
• Which of the following is not a state in transaction
• _______________ joins are SQL server default
• The ________________ is essentially used to search for patterns in target string
• Which of the following is/are the Database server functions
• To delete a database ___________ command is used
• ____________ is a combination of two of more attributes used as a primary key
• Which of the following is not the function of client
• ____________ is a special type of stored procedure that is automatically invoked whenever the data in the table is modified
• ______________ requires that data should be made available to only authorized users
• Some of the utilities of DBMS are _____________
• ____________ allows individual row operation to be performed on a given result set or on the generated by a selected by a selected statement
• Which is essential a business problem not a data problem
• Which is primarily the result of a thorough understanding of information about an enterprise:
• McFadden has defined normalization in his which book___________
• The database design prevents some data from being represented due to _______
• How many types of insertion anomalies:
• Who developed the normalization process:
• E.F.Codd developed the normalization process in the which early:
• Which is the process of breaking a relation into multiple relations:
• Which formal method that locates and analyses relation schemas on the basis of their primary, candidate keys, and the FD’s that are present among the attributes of these schemas:
• Which is refers to a stalemate situation due to which no further progress is possible as computer await response of each other:
• Which is a duplicate copy of a file program that is stored on a different storage media than the original location:
• Which is duplication of computer operations and routine backups to combat any unforeseen problems:
• Optimization that is basically related to the rewriter module is termed as__________
• Optimization basically related to the Rewrite module is termed as_______
• Database security helps organizations to protect data from _____
• Copying files to secondary or specific devices is known as ______
• How many types of recovery control techniques:
• Which are types of recovery control techniques:
• Which server can joins the indexes when only multiple indexes combined can cover the query:
• In concurrency control policy the the lock is obtained on
• A concurrency-control policy such as this one leads to ______ performance, since it forces transactions to wait for preceding transactions to finish before they can start
• __________ are used to ensure that transactions access each data item in order of the transactions’ ____ if their accesses conflict
• EMPDET is an external table containing the columns EMPNO and ENAME. Which command would work in relation to the EMPDET table?
• In which scenario would you use the ROLLUP operator for expression or columns within a GROUP BY clause?
• Which statement is true regarding external tables
• A non-correlated subquery can be defined as ______
• Evaluate the following SQL statements in the given order
• What would be the outcome of the below query?
• Which of the following is not a property of transactions
• SNAPSHOT is used for (DBA)
• Isolation of the transactions is ensured by
• Constraint checking can be disabled in existing _______________ and _____________ constraints so that any data you modify or add to the table is not checked against the constraint

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• DBMS -TRANSACTIONS MCQs

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