While designing a digital system, the main objectives are

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE BASICS MCQ

• The ______ format is usually used to store data
• Which tag is used if you want to indicate the importance of the phrase?
• A source program is usually in _______
• Which memory device is generally made of semi-conductors ?
• The small extremely fast, RAM’s are called as _______
• The ALU makes use of _______ to store the intermediate results
• The control unit controls other units by generating ____
• ______ are numbers and encoded characters, generally used as operands
• The Input devices can send information to the processor,
• ______ bus structure is usually used to connect I/O devices
• The I/O interface required to connect the I/O device to the bus consists of ______
• To reduce the memory access time we generally make use of ______
• ______ is generally used to increase the apparent size of physical memory
• MFC stands for
• The time delay between two successive initiation of memory operation _______
• The decoded instruction is stored in ______
• The instruction -> Add LOCA,R0 does,
• Which registers can interact with the secondary storage ?
• During the execution of a program which gets initialized first ?
• Which of the register/s of the processor is/are connected to Memory Bus ?
• ISP stands for,
• The internal Components of the processor are connected by _______
• ______ is used to choose between increment the PC or performing ALU operations
• The registers, ALU and the interconnection between them are collectively called as _____
• _______ is used to store data in registers
• During the execution of the instructions, a copy of the instructions is placed in the ______
• Two processors A and B have clock frequencies of 700 Mhz and 900 Mhz respectively. Suppose A can execute an instruction with an average of 3 steps and B can execute with an average of 5 steps. For the execution of the same instruction which processor is faster ?
• A processor performing fetch or decoding of different instruction during the execution of another instruction is called ______
• For a given FINITE number of instructions to be executed, which architecture of the processor provides for a faster execution ?
• The clock rate of the processor can be improved by
• An optimizing Compiler does,
• SPEC stands for,
• As of 2000, the reference system to find the performance of a system is _____
• When Performing a looping operation, the instruction gets stored in the ______
• The average number of steps taken to execute the set of instructions can be made to be less than one by following _______
• If the instruction, Add R1,R2,R3 is executed in a system which is pipe-lined, then the value of S is (Where S is term of the Basic performance equation)
• CISC stands for
• As of 2000, the reference system to find the SPEC rating are built with _____ Processor
• In Breakpoint mode of operation,
• The different modes of operation of a computer is
• The instructions which can be run only supervisor mode are
• A privilege exception is raised,
• How is a privilege exception dealt ?
• After reset, CPU begins execution of instruction from memory address
• Synchronous means _______
• An effective solution to the power consumption problem lies in using _______ transistors to implement ICs
• When CPU is executing a Program that is part of the Operating System, it is said to be in
• When a logic circuit diagram is given, you can analyse the circuit to obtain the _____________
• IC chips based on packaging density are
• While designing a digital system, the main objectives are
• There are two types of parity
• This is the maximum time from the start of the valid address of the read cycle to the time when the valid data is available at the data output
• In a sequential memory, the words are stored in and out in a sequence
• A___________ is a semiconductor memory device used to store information, which is permanent in nature
• Erasing EPROM programming is accomplished by using ultraviolet light that belongs to the UVC range and has a frequency of _____________________
• The EPROM eraser will emit________________ light
• ________________ organization is essentially an array of selectively open and closed unidirectional contacts
• The EEPROM chip is physically similar to the chip
• A memory stores data for processing and the instructions for _________
• Number of stored bits per unit area, which determines overall storage capacity and memory cost per bit
• The _______________ of the desired memory location is applied to the address input terminals
• In a sequential memory, the words are stored in and read out in a_______________
• I/O function allows to exchange data directly between an
• Cache memory is intended to provide memory access
• Data stores in
• Interrupts are provided primarily as a way to
• Index register involves adding an
• Program counter contains the address of the
• Memory modules consist of
• Processor is often referred to
• I/O interrupt-driven is more efficient than
• Segment pointers divided memory into
• The set of all logical addresses generated by a program is referred to as a
• The replacement algorithm chooses the constraints of
• Data moved between computer components through
• Condition codes are bits typically set by the
• Instruction register contains the instructions most
• The unit of data exchange between cache and main memory is known as
• User-visible registers enable the machine or programmer to
• Address registers contain main memory addresses of
• I/O instruction Control is used to activate an
• I/O modules performs the requested action on
• Control and Status registers used by the processor to control
• I/O instruction Transfer used to read the
• Stack pointer is a register that points to the
• Cache size issue can have significant impact on
• Direct memory access is more efficient to move
• In data processing, processor perform some
• I/O instruction Status tests various
• The processor fetches an instruction from
• Data and instructions that are being used frequently are stored in
• Processor-I/O involves data transferring between
• Data register can be assigned to a
• PerformanceX = 1/ Execution Time x the given relation shows that
• The processor having Clock cycle of 0.25ns will have the clock rate of
• The valid and unimpeachable measurement of performance of any computer is
• The native MIPS has the MIPS measurement of
• If computer A execute a program in 10 seconds and computer B runs the same in 15 seconds, how much faster is computer A than computer B
• For two computers X and Y, if the performance of computer X is greater than the performance of computer Y, we have
• The total amount of work done during execution, in a given time is referred to as
• To increase the performance of the computer its through put is increased by
• Computer A having clock cycle time of 250 ps and cycle per instruction of 2.0 for some programs, and computer B having clock cycle time of 500 ps and a cycle per instruction of 1.2 for the same program. Which one is faster for this program
• When the PC having Clock rate of 2 and the CPU clock cycle for a program is 4 then Execution time of this computer for a program will be
• The time between the start and the end of program execution is known as
• A set of standard CPU-intensive, floating points and integers benchmarks are referred to as
• Computer B having execution time 110 ns and computer A having 1001 then
• A first goal of compiler writer
• Optimizations on the sources with output leading to later optimization passes are known as
• In 32-bit addressing mode, the address field is either 1 byte or
• The one of the advantage of MIPS 16 and Thumb is: the instruction caches acting as if they are about
• One of the complex jobs of the compiler writer, is to figure-out what instruction sequence will be used best for each segment, named as
• One that is used to allocate local variables is
• Vector architectures are operated on vectors of
• Graph coloring gives best results, when there are at-least
• Compilers usually chooses which procedure calls has to be expanded inline before knowing the size of the procedure, that is being called, the stated problem is known as
• The operation is normally specified in one field, known as
• The length of 80x86 instructions can vary between
• Optimization, known as basic block, by the compiler people is
• The procedure when call procedure that has been called, saving the registers it wants for using, when the caller has been left unrestrained, is known as
• When the call procedure saving the registers which it wants to be preserved to access even after the call, is refered to as
• Replacing the instances of a variable, to which a constant is assigned with the constant, is refered as
• The optimization: finding two examples of an expression, computing the same value and saving the value of the 1st computation in a temporary variable, is refered as
• Register allocation algorithms are particularly based on the technique, named as
• Specified telling that what addressing mode will be used for accessing the operand, is called
• Unit is used for allocating dynamic objects which do not adhere to the stack discipline is
• The developed program's performance, is affected by
• The digital form of computer which is placed at the bank walls for dealing cash is known as
• The modern supercomputers and the minicomputers, accessed by the network are called
• Every letter of the computer is referred to as
• Compiler of the system, is an example of
• Applications that are Consumer-Oriented embedded, are particularly best suited for
• The High level language, referred as human language, is converted into the computer instructions via
• The programs which are used for translating the symbolic-language into the machine-language are
• Creating and translating the program, which one of the following is used
• Microprocessors, that are present in home appliances are considered as the best example of
• The layer which is between the system hardware and the user's program is commonly known as
• A+B in assembly language will be written as
• The information\'s components in base 2 are
• In assembly language A-B will be written as
• CPU provides enabling signals through
• In a computer, set of electrical paths which is used to transfer data is called
• Computer bus which allows the processor to communicate with peripheral devices is
• Computer address bus is
• Computer bus with 64 lines can carry
• Which of the following is not a type of bus in computer?
• Use of computer buses to connect different components of computer is known as
• Network topology in which you connect each node to the network along a single piece of network cable is called
• Each end of a bus in computer bus network topology is termed as
• Special resistor device in computer bus network topology which is attached to an electrical ground is called
• Computer bus which moves data between the central processor and memory is called
• Type of computer bus which connects the CPU to a memory on the system board is
• Computer bus line is consists of
• Way in which computer components are connected with each another is called
• Example of computer logic operation is
• Computer system mainly consists of
• Basic unit of computer is
• Most of time, computer instructions are divided into
• Binary code which gives an actual instruction is called
• In instruction format, address of any data location is said to be
• Built-in set of machine code instructions of computer are called
• Two main types of branch instructions are
• Instructions that are programmed to make decisions are termed as
• Branch instruction 'JUMP TO SUBORDINATE' is an example of
• Branch instruction 'JUMP IF ZERO' is an example of
• Branch instruction is also known as
• Which of the following are examples of input devices?
• The read/write file
• …………… is a piece of hardware that executes a set of machine–language instructions
• Which of the following affects processing power?
• The computer performs all mathematical and logical operations inside it′s

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