Principles to be considered when using open reduction and internal fixation include which of the following ?

a. Anatomic reduction and fixation stability

b. Maintenance of maximal soft tissue coverage and interposition between the device and skin surface

c. Creation of fixation constructs that minimize load shielding of the underlying bone

d. Maximal maintenance of periosteal and vascular tissue without compromising stability

When open reduction and internal fixation treatment are chosen, the following principles should be considered: 1) maximal maintenance of periosteal and vascular tissues without compromising stability; 2) anatomic reduction and fixation stability; 3) the use of high strength biocompatable implants; 4) the creation of fixation constructs that minimize load shielding of the underlying bone; and 5) maintenance of maximal soft tissue coverage and interposition between the device and skin surface.