Which of the following statements relating to adenoviruses is/are correct?

a. Adenoviral infection is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infection

b. Adenoviral genetic material consists of double-stranded DNA

c. Adenovirus can be produced in large quantity and easily purified

There are over 40 human adenovirus serotypes, many of which are pathogenic in humans. Diseases caused by adenoviruses include hepatitis, conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract infection, and diarrhea. Multiple exposures to adenoviruses throughout life result in the development of humoral immunity.

Human adenovirus contains 36 kilobases (kb) of double stranded DNA. Adenoviruses are internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis and transported to the nucleus where the immediate early genes are expressed. Unlike retroviruses, adenoviral infection does not require host cell division. Early gene units express a variety of proteins involved in the regulation and control of the viral life cycle. The concerted activities of the early genes contribute to initiation of the late phase of viral replication whose hallmark is the onset of DNA replication. Adenoviral mRNA undergoes extensive post-transcriptional processing, leading to expression of five sets of late proteins comprising structural components of the virion. Production of the virus, which can be grown in large quantities and highly purified, is relatively easy.