Q:

A 78-year-old patient who is a candidate for CABG is concerned about the risks/benefits of the procedure. The following is/are true:

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A 78-year-old patient who is a candidate for CABG is concerned about the risks/benefits of the procedure. The following is/are true: 


  1. Operative mortality in patients > 70 years is more than double that of younger patients
  2. If the patient is a woman, the risk is higher than it would be for a man
  3. A previous CABG procedure increases the complexity and complication rate, but does not alter mortality rate
  4. Results are better if there is ischemic cardiomyopathy than if there is hibernating myocardium

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a. Operative mortality in patients > 70 years is more than double that of younger patients

b. If the patient is a woman, the risk is higher than it would be for a man

Operative mortality for patients > 70 years was 8% in the CASS study as compared to 3% in younger patients. For reasons not entirely clear, the risk of CABG is higher in women than in men. Reoperative procedures carry a higher operative mortality due to technical difficulties, more advanced disease, and less complete revascularization. Congestive heart failure is a major determinant of poor surgical outcome, but the results are better when there is viable myocardium (hibernating) than when there is irreversible ischemic cardiomyopathy

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