Which of the following are potential complications of untreated coarctation of the aorta?

A. Endocarditis

C. Cerebrovascular accident.

D. Congestive heart failure. 

DISCUSSION: Coarctation of the aorta produces an obstruction to blood flow and hypertension, turbulent flow, and increased left ventricular afterload. There is an increased incidence of coronary artery disease. Prior to the introduction of effective techniques for relief of coarctation, the most common causes of death were endocarditis, aortic rupture, congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular accident. Pulmonary vascular disease does not occur with isolated coarctation.