Q:

The following statement(s) is/are true concerning the anatomy of the gallbladder

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The following statement(s) is/are true concerning the anatomy of the gallbladder. 


  1. The gallbladder lies between the right, left, and quadrate hepatic lobes or hepatic segments IV and V
  2. The cystic duct contains the spiral valve of Heister which serves an important valvular function for the gallbladder
  3. The cystic artery arises from the right hepatic artery in 95% of cases
  4. The cystic artery crosses anterior to the hepatic duct in the majority of cases

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a. The gallbladder lies between the right, left, and quadrate hepatic lobes or hepatic segments IV and V

c. The cystic artery arises from the right hepatic artery in 95% of cases 

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ bound to a fossa on the right inferior surface of the liver located between the right, left, and quadrate hepatic lobes or hepatic segments IV and V. The gallbladder can be divided into four areas: the fundus, body, infundibulum, and neck. The body of the gallbladder extends from the fundus into the tapered portion, or neck, which curves backward and upward toward the transverse fissure of the liver and terminates in the cystic duct. The cystic duct lumen contains a thin mucosal septum, the spiral valve of Heister; the valve may make catheterization to the cystic duct difficult but does not have true valvular function. The arteries of the gallbladder are derived from the cystic branch of the hepatic artery which in 95% of cases originates from the right hepatic artery. From its origin, the cystic artery usually crosses behind the hepatic duct (84% of cases) but is sometimes anterior to that structure. The cystic artery proceeds to the neck of the gallbladder, where it divides into anterior and posterior divisions that supply the corresponding areas of the gallbladder. The cystic veins empty into the right branch of the portal vein indirectly into the liver.

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