Q:

The following statement(s) is/are true concerning biliary motor function

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The following statement(s) is/are true concerning biliary motor function.


  1. The contracted sphincter of Oddi impairs bile flow into the duodenum and directs it into the gallbladder
  2. In the postprandial state about 70% of hepatic bile flows into the gallbladder before reaching the duodenum
  3. During the interdigestive period, only a small fraction of gallbladder bile enters the duodenum
  4. Gallbladder emptying during fasting is associated with phase III of the interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC)
  5. After a meal, the gallbladder empties by a steady tonic contraction thought to be due to release of endogenous motilin from the mucosa of the small intestine

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a.The contracted sphincter of Oddi impairs bile flow into the duodenum and directs it into the gallbladder

b.In the postprandial state about 70% of hepatic bile flows into the gallbladder before reaching the duodenum

c.During the interdigestive period, only a small fraction of gallbladder bile enters the duodenum

As bile is secreted from the liver, it flows through the hepatic ducts into the common hepatic duct and continues through the common bile duct into the duodenum. With an intact and contracted sphincter of Oddi, bile flows directly into the gallbladder where it is concentrated and stored. In the postprandial state, about 70% of hepatic bile flows into the gallbladder before reaching the duodenum and entering the enterohepatic cycle. During the interdigestive phase, 90% of bile from the liver enters the gallbladder, while only a small fraction of gallbladder bile enters the duodenum. Gallbladder emptying during fasting is associated with phase II of the interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC). Motilin may account for this stimulatory effect since plasma elevations of motilin seem to correlate with the onset of phase II waves. Following a meal, the gallbladder empties by a steady tonic contraction thought to be due to release of endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) from the mucosa of the small intestine.

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