Which of the following statements regarding postoperative rates of recurrent ulcer and dumping is/are correct?

a. Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy is associated with persistent dumping in 10–15% of patients

c. Patients that undergo proximal gastric vagotomy have a risk of recurrent ulcer of 10–15% and a risk of persistent dumping approximating 1%

Surgical recommendations for treatment of peptic ulceration should be based upon safety, freedom from long-term postoperative symptoms, and avoidance of recurrent ulceration. Proximal gastric vagotomy has an operative mortality of less than 1% and a risk of persistent dumping symptoms of approximately 1%. The low incidence of postoperative symptoms is associated with a relatively high risk of recurrent ulceration, estimated to be 10% to 15% at 5 years postoperatively. After truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty, dumping is initially present in 10%, and is persistent or severe in 1%. Recurrent ulceration is observed in 10% of patients that undergo truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy is associated with the lowest risk of recurrent ulceration, 1–2%, but the greatest incidence of postoperative dumping symptoms, 10–15%.