The systemic response to a significant burn includes accelerated fluid losses. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning tissue edema following a burn?

b. Edema in tissue immediately surrounding the burn is secondary to the local release of vasoactive mediators such as prostaglandins, thromboxane A2, and reactive oxygen radicals

The systemic response to burning is driven by the loss of the skin’s barrier functions with accelerated fluid losses and decreased host resistance to infection, release of mediators from the injured tissue with secondary interstitial edema and organ dysfunction and from bacterial overgrowth within the eschar with the resulting systemic sequelae. Edema in tissue immediately surrounding the burn occurs secondary to local release of vasoactive mediators, such as prostaglandins, thromboxane A2 and reactive oxygen radicals. When burn size exceeds 20% to 30% of the body surface, clinically significant interstitial edema is seen in distant soft tissue secondary to a combination of wound released mediators and hypoproteinemia. These distant microvascular effects also have the ability to interfere with the function of organ systems not directly injured by the burning process, explaining the frequent occurrence of pulmonary and other organ dysfunction in patients with large burns.