Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the clinical presentation and treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis?

b. Correction of potassium and volume depletion corrects most cases of metabolic alkalosis

c. Acetazolamide can enhance renal excretion of bicarbonate

 Clinical signs of metabolic alkalosis may not be prominent, since the condition usually develops relatively slowly. Correction of the underlying cause is the mainstay of treatment in this disorder. In general, correction of potassium and volume depletion corrects the metabolic alkalosis. In patients without intravascular volume deficits, renal excretion of bicarbonate can be enhanced by administration of the carbonic acid anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide. If renal excretion of bicarbonate cannot be increased because of underlying renal insufficiency or if the metabolic alkalosis is severe, acid may be administered to directly titrate the excess extracellular bicarbonate. Acids that can be used include ammonium chloride, arginine hydrochloride, or dilute hydrochloric acid. Partial correction of alkalosis is the initial goal. A general guide is that 2.2 mEq/kg decreases serum bicarbonate by about 5 mEq/L.