Which of the following statements regarding hypercalcemia are true?

A. The symptoms of hypercalcemia may mimic some symptoms of hyperglycemia.

D. Severely hypercalcemic patients exhibit the signs of extracellular fluid volume deficit.

E. Urinary calcium excretion may be increased by vigorous volume repletion. 

DISCUSSION: Markedly elevated serum calcium levels produce polydipsia, polyuria, and thirst. Vigorous volume repletion and saline diuresis correct the extracellular fluid volume deficit and promote the urinary excretion of calcium. Metastatic breast cancer is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, from bony metastasis. The calcitonin effect on calcium is diminished with repeat administrations.