Q:

Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia?

belongs to book: ASIR SURGICAL MCQs BANK|Dr. Gharama Al-Shehri|1st edition| Chapter number:1| Question number:24

waelhammad

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2022-12-05

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Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia?

The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose.
With normal renal function, this patient is likely to be volume overloaded.
Proper fluid therapy would be unlikely to include potassium administration.
Insulin administration will increase the potassium content of cells.
Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

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waelhammad

2022-12-05

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D. Insulin administration will increase the potassium content of cells.

DISCUSSION: Each 100-mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose causes a fall in serum sodium concentration of approximately 2 mEq. per liter. Excess serum glucose acts as an osmotic diuretic, producing increased urine flow, which can lead to volume depletion. Insulin therapy and the correction of the patient's associated acidosis produce movement of potassium ions into the intracellular compartment.

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