Q:

In an Australian domestic AC electrical circuit, what is the potential difference (voltage) in the three wires?

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In an Australian domestic AC electrical circuit, what is the potential difference (voltage) in the three wires?


  1. active wire oscillates between +240 V and −240 V, while neutral and earth are both at 0 V
  2. neutral wire at –240 V, active at +240 V, earth at 0 V.
  3. active wire at +240 V, while neutral and earth are both at 0 V.
  4. neutral wire and active wire both at +240 V, earth at −240 V.

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A: In a domestic supply, the potential of the active wire oscillates (alternates) from about +270 V through 0 V to -270 V (the rms values are +/−240 V), while the neutral wire is at 0 V. The earth wire is for safety purposes, kept at 0 V to provide a low resistance path to the ground in the case of a fault. 

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