All the following are component of cold water shock resulted from immersion in cold water EXCEPT

(A). Immersion in cold water has immediate respiratory and cardiovascular effects. Victims experience cold water shock, a dynamic series of cardiorespiratory physiologic responses that can cause drowning. In adults, immersion in icy water results in intense involuntary reflex hyperventilation and to a decrease in breath-holding ability to <10 sec, which leads to fluid aspiration. Severe bradycardia, the diving reflex, occurs in adults but is transient and rapidly followed by supraventricular and ectopic tachycardia and hypertension. There is no evidence that the diving reflex has any protective effect