For each of the intracellular organelles A–E, select the best option from the following list of descriptions.
1. Sites of protein synthesis rich in RNA.
2. Intracellular membrane-bound structures containing enzymes that can destroy most cellular structures.
3. Granules in a layer produced by high-speed centrifugation of cells.
4. Structures lying close to the nucleus responsible for organizing the microtubular systems.
5. Membrane-bound organelles associated with numerous enzymes that catalyse a variety of anabolic and catabolic reactions.
- . Lysosomes.
- Centrosomes.
- Peroxisomes.
- Microsomes.
- Ribosomes.
Medicine
A. Option 2 Intracellular membrane-bound structures containing enzymes that can destroy most cellular structures. The postmortem breakdown of the lysosomal membranes releases lysosomal enzymes that autolyse (cause self-destruction of) the cell.
B. Option 4 Structures lying close to the nucleus responsible for organizing the microtubular systems. Centrosomes are made up of two centrioles. At mitotic division the centro-somes are duplicated and one goes to each end of the mitotic spindle. The microtubules they control allow movement within the cell.
C. Option 5 Membrane-bound organelles associated with numerous enzymes that cata-lyse a variety of anabolic and catabolic reactions. They are involved in the oxidation of some long chain fatty acids. Drugs that can modify peroxisome behaviour are being used in the attempt to lower lipid levels in the blood.
D. Option 3 Granules in a layer produced by high-speed centrifugation of cells. This is the generic name for the cellular organelles brought down by high-speed centrifugation.
E. Option 1 Sites of protein synthesis rich in RNA. Ribosomes can be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum where they synthesize proteins such as hormones.
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