In heart failure

A. True   In high output failures; however, the ability to raise cardiac output in exercise is impaired in all types of failure.

B. False   With inadequate output, desaturation of blood in the tissues increases.

C. True This increases extracellular fluid and hence blood volume.

D. True   The back pressure in veins raises capillary hydrostatic pressure and results in oedema in dependent parts where venous pressure is already raised due to gravity.

E. False   When pulmonary capillary pressure (about 5 mmHg) doubles, it is still less than plasma oncotic pressure (25 mmHg) so fluid does not accumulate in the alveoli.